How to Respond During
a PNES Seizure
Watching someone experience a PNES seizure can feel frightening and overwhelming, especially for loved ones and caregivers. While every person’s experience is different, staying calm and supportive can help create a sense of safety during the episode.
What You Can Do
Stay calm and speak in a gentle, reassuring voice.
Move sharp or
dangerous objects away.
If possible, guide them
to a safe place to sit
or lie down.
Avoid restraining them
unless absolutely
necessary for safety.
Reduce noise, bright
lights, and stimulation.
Stay nearby and let
them know they are
not alone.
Allow the episode to
pass naturally.
What You Should Avoid
Do not yell or panic.
Do not forcefully hold the person down.
Do not place anything in their mouth.
Avoid arguing, demanding responses, or overwhelming them with questions during the episode.
Do not assume the person is doing it intentionally.
Do not criticize or shame them afterward.
When to Seek
Emergency Help
Even if a person has known PNES, emergency medical attention may still be needed if:
They are injured during
the episode.
They have difficulty breathing.
The episode is significantly
different from their usual events.
They remain unresponsive for
an unusually long period.
You are unsure whether it could
be a medical emergency.
After the Seizure
Offering quiet reassurance, patience, and emotional support can make a meaningful difference.
Offer reassurance
and patience.
Give them time to recover.
Ask what they need.
Remind them they
are safe.
Recovery after a PNES episode can be physically
and emotionally exhausting. The person may
feel embarrassed, confused, drained, emotional,
or frightened.
Every Person's Experience is Different
When possible, talk with your loved one about:
Listening without immediately trying to fix everything
PNES episodes can look different from one
person to another.
Encouraging therapy, coping skills, and independence
Asking what kind of help is wanted instead of assuming
What helps one person feel safe and supported
may not be what another person needs.
Respecting boundaries and personal choices
Being present without taking complete control
The most effective response is one that respects
the individual's needs while helping them feel
safe and supported.
Some people may remain aware during an
episode, while others may appear unresponsive. Episodes can vary in length, symptoms, triggers, and recovery time.
You are safe. I'm here with you
